Treasures Reappear, Gather to Shine
I. Treasure Research Institute
The brand-new team development feature, Treasure Research Institute, is now online! Work with your team members to improve everyone's combat power! Open Level: Base Level 140, Server Level 135
[Feature Introduction]
Adventurers can find the [Treasure Research Institute] button on the main game interface. Clicking it will open the main feature interface. The main feature interface is divided into 2 pages: [Treasure Research] and [Treasure Digging Team].
Treasure Research: Enter here to develop treasures, including upgrading, refining, exchanging Treasure Coins, and other functions.
Treasure Digging Team: Enter here to manage treasure team-related content, including joining/creating a team, team attributes, charging, and other functions.
[Treasure Development]
There are 5 treasure parts, each providing different attribute bonuses. Each part can be upgraded and refined.
Treasure Upgrade: After upgrading a treasure, you gain upgrade attributes, which are fixed attributes. The levels of the 5 parts are independent of each other. Upgrading requires consuming "Treasure Upgrade Cores." Reaching certain levels also requires additional "Treasure Breakthrough Stones."
Treasure Refinement: Each treasure part can be refined by consuming "Treasure Refinement Agents." Refinement attributes are divided into General Attributes and Special Skill Attributes.
General Attributes: Each refinement yields random general attributes. As the number of refinements increases, the tier level of general attributes will also increase.
Special Skill Attributes: A special skill attribute is guaranteed every 50 refinements.
Attribute Lock: Adventurers can use "Treasure Locking Agents" and "Treasure Advanced Locking Agents" to lock general attributes and special skill attributes, respectively. Additionally, when refining with locked attributes, the amount of "Treasure Refinement Agents" required will increase based on the quality of the locked attributes.
Treasure Resonance: The lowest treasure level among the 5 treasures determines the resonance level. Increasing the resonance level grants resonance attributes.
[Treasure Digging Team]
Create or join a Treasure Digging Team and grow together with your teammates!
Adventurers can choose to create their own team or join another player's treasure team.
Create Team: After creating a treasure team, adventurers automatically become the leader. They can invite other adventurers to join their team and also send a recruitment message to the guild channel with one click to recruit members. The leader can manage the team member list, and the leader's role can also be actively transferred. If the leader leaves the team without transferring their role, the leadership will automatically be transferred to the adventurer with the highest Adventure Value in the team. If no members remain, the team will automatically disband.
Join Team: Adventurers can click the [Join Team] button on the Treasure Digging Team interface to see a list of teams they can apply to join.
A Treasure Team has a maximum of 10 members, including 1 leader and 9 members.
After an adventurer leaves a team, there will be a 5-minute cooldown, during which they cannot create or join a team.
If all members of a team have been offline for 14 days, the team will automatically disband, and the adventurers in the team will receive a mail notification.
[Treasure Team Bonus]
Join a Treasure Digging Team to enjoy team attribute bonuses.
Team attribute bonuses are divided into 2 parts:
Level Bonus: All adventurers in the team enjoy the leader's resonance level, meaning the leader's resonance level determines the team bonus level. The higher the team bonus level, the better the attributes obtained.
If an adventurer has not joined any Treasure Digging Team, their team bonus level will be their own Treasure Resonance Level.
Attribute (Value) Bonus: When a team member's Adventure Value is below a certain range of the leader's, the member can receive an additional attribute bonus. The further behind a team member is from the leader's overall strength, the higher the additional attribute bonus they receive.
Team Energy Effect: Team members can also receive additional attribute bonuses by charging weekly!
The attribute bonuses obtained based on the Adventure Value gap and weekly charging are as follows:
200001 ≤ Adventure Value Gap ≤ 250000: +15% attribute bonus, up to +30% through weekly charging.
250001 ≤ Adventure Value Gap ≤ 300000: +25% attribute bonus, up to +50% through weekly charging.
Adventure Value Gap ≥ 300001: +50% attribute bonus, up to +100% through weekly charging.
[Team Charging]
Members of a Treasure Team need to charge weekly to receive stronger attribute bonuses.
Treasure Digging Team members can click the [Go to Charge] button to automatically navigate to the designated charging location. Completing the charge grants materials that can be submitted to enhance the team bonus effect. The weekly charge limit is 5 times.
Treasure Digging Team leaders can click the [One-Click Notify Charge] button to notify team members to charge. After team members reach the designated weekly charge threshold, the leader can receive a Treasure Leader bubble frame, Treasure Leader avatar frame, and a special title: Starlight Guide (7 days).
After completing the weekly charge, based on the charge progress, the leader can distribute additional rewards next week based on each person's charge progress (the leader can also receive them!).
[Treasure Shop and Treasure Exchange]
A Treasure Shop has been added to the Points Shop. Adventurers can use Treasure Coins to exchange for items needed for treasure development, such as "Treasure Upgrade Cores," "Treasure Refinement Agents," "Treasure Locking Agents," and "Treasure Breakthrough Stone Selection Boxes."
Adventurers can click the [Exchange] button on the Treasure Research Institute page to exchange excess resources in their bag for Treasure Coins.
II. Loki Cup Preliminaries Coming Soon
[Practice Match Schedule]
July 24, 20:55-21:20
July 26, 20:55-21:20
July 29, 20:55-21:20
July 31, 20:55-21:20
August 2, 20:55-21:20
[Preliminary Match Schedule] Starting August 6th, every Wednesday, one match per week, from 20:55-21:20.
[Preliminary Match Notes] Rank Reset: Upon entering the preliminary stage, rank points will be re-initialized based on the guild's overall strength. The initialization deadline is August 4th, 00:00:00. Adventurers must join their desired guild before this time for their combat power to be counted. The higher the overall strength, the greater the advantage in the matches. At the end of the preliminaries, guild members will be locked simultaneously. Guilds cannot merge or disband, and members cannot leave. Newly joined members after the preliminaries will not be eligible to participate in the knockout rounds.
Ranking Rules:
Ranking will be based on Rank Points > Adventure Value (total Adventure Value of the top 10 members in the guild).
Rankings for each battle zone are independent.
The leaderboard will update once after each weekly match or when special circumstances occur.
Special circumstances: When a ranked guild merges or disbands, the ranking will also update. The rank points of a new merged guild will be the "highest score among the 2 or more guilds before merging." However, Adventure Value (total Adventure Value of the top 10 members in the guild) will only update after each match.
Preliminary Battle Zone Grouping and Promotion Rules:
Peak Battle Zone: Charles CHAOS-1, Loki LOKI-1, Lidia LIDIA-1, Sakray SAKRAY-1, Sara SARA-1. 62 guilds will be promoted.
Brave Battle Zone: Sakura Bride. 2 guilds will be promoted.
Servers without Promotion Slots: Thor THOR.
Promotion Rules: After the preliminaries, guilds will be ranked based on their total Rank Points. The top 62 guilds from the Peak Battle Zone and the top 2 guilds from the Brave Battle Zone will qualify for registration!
Tie-Breaking Rules: In case of a tie in Rank Points, the guild with the higher Adventure Value (total Adventure Value of the top 10 members in the guild) will rank higher.
Please pay attention to subsequent official announcements and mail for the end of the Loki Cup Preliminaries and list locking time.
III. Server Migration Event Open
The highly anticipated server migration event is about to officially launch! To ensure stable function and provide the best experience, we have decided to conduct a small-scale trial migration first. The initial servers opened for migration were selected after careful evaluation of various factors, including the current server ecosystem, activity, and guild development. Subsequently, we will gradually formulate and open migration plans for other servers based on the overall game ecosystem and player feedback. Thank you, adventurers, for your patience and trust!
[First Migration Event Start Time] July 29, 5:00:00 ~ August 6, 4:59:59
[Server Availability Information]
The following servers are open for character transfer out: [Lidia LIDIA-1], [Sakray SAKRAY-1]
The following servers are open for character transfer in: [Lidia LIDIA-1], [Sakray SAKRAY-1]
For more migration information, please visit the official website announcement: [link]
[Migration Notes]
If the target server for migration has reached the maximum number of characters, migration will not be possible. Adventurers should manage their characters or contact customer service.
If adventurers encounter data anomalies during the small-scale migration test, please contact customer service immediately.
If abnormalities that affect the server's ecological balance occur during the experimental testing phase, the "RO Ragnarok Online: Love At First Sight" official team reserves the right to adjust migration rules.
If any problems arise during the small-scale migration event, please contact customer service, and we will resolve the issue as soon as possible.
IV. Listening and Improvement Column
1. Welfare Optimization Release
Optimized Glory Ladder event rewards: "Orange Magic Spirit Random Box I" added to perfect clear rewards for some tiers. Opening it has a chance to obtain Magic Spirits "Mandragora · Magic Spirit" and "Red Starfish · Magic Spirit."
"Chapter of Freedom" weekly purchase limit in the Guild Vending Machine adjusted from 1 to 3.
New Doram race appearances added to the following outfits: "Plum Soda" outfit, "Fly · Player Zero" outfit, "Priest/Nun" outfit, "Headwear - Valhalla King's Headwear."
"Link Stone · Rainbow" and "Link Stone · Glory" can now be converted into each other! 8 "Link Stone · Rainbow" can be combined into 1 "Link Stone · Glory," and 1 "Link Stone · Glory" can be decomposed into 8 "Link Stone · Rainbow."
Daily Activity Reward Claim Optimization! After adventurers meet the daily activity target, they only need to click one daily activity treasure chest to claim all uncollected daily activity treasure chests with one click!
New [Furniture Medal Shop] in the Points Shop. Adventurers can directly exchange Furniture Medals for desired development items in the shop!
2. Free Job Change Cost Optimization Attribute Conversion Added: Radiance Sacred Ornament Base Attributes
When converting Radiance Sacred Ornament attributes using an attribute converter, the following base attributes can also be converted into each other (previously, only Spirit Infusion attributes could be converted):
Physical Attack ↔︎ Magic Attack Balance Scale Weights Added Convertible Attributes
Supported conversion attributes added: Ignore Physical Defense ↔︎ Ignore Magic Defense Star Gazer's Realm Optimization
Star Gazer's Realm ability point cap increased from 125 to 130.
Star Gazer's Realm reset point cost adjusted to free.
New Star Gazer's Realm aura recommended skill point allocation function.
Optimized Star Gazer's Realm totem upgrade experience bonus refresh rule: Adjusted from daily refresh to weekly refresh.
3. Heroic Spirit Manual Optimization
New Heroic Spirit Level Reset function. When resetting a level, all materials consumed to upgrade that Heroic Spirit will be refunded to the adventurer!
Note: Only the level can be reset; the grade cannot be reset.
New [Level Up 10] button for Heroic Spirit upgrades.
New text display for Heroic Spirit grade in the Heroic Spirit preview interface.
Heroic Spirit attribute details - Deployment attribute overview interface now displays Heroic Spirit level and grade information.
When the number of Heroic Spirit Fragments meets the unlock conditions, you can directly jump to the Codex interface to unlock the Heroic Spirit via the [Go to Unlock] button in the Heroic Spirit Set - Heroic Spirit Preview interface.
Optimized summoning effects for Mythical Heroic Spirits.
4. Tower of Valhalla Optimization
Reduced the PVP damage increase and PVP damage reduction attributes of Heroic Spirits in floors 1-30 of the Tower of Valhalla, thereby reducing the difficulty of Tower of Valhalla floors 1-30.
Removed the "Blood Pool" scene affix from the Tower of Valhalla.
Affected floors: 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 41, 43, 46, 48, 51, 53, 56, 58.
Geneticist job keepers will no longer appear in the Tower of Valhalla.
5. Other Optimizations and Adjustments
Adventurers, please note: Some of the Growth Funds will be removed in the next update. Adventurers who need them should seize this last opportunity to purchase them (servers that have not opened these funds are not affected).
Equipment Enhancement Resonance Level now includes Level 140 effect.
Pet Contract Level cap extended to Level 140.
Optimized Boss HP display rules in Nightmare Sanctuary, Cat God Illusion, and Fluorescent Sea Ruins. Boss status and portrait will be fixed on the screen, allowing adventurers to view Boss HP and status without selecting the Boss.
Optimized Exploration - Favorability rule description, added explanation: After NPC favorability reaches max level, gifts can still be given to increase total intimacy and raise overall favorability level.
New display for remaining Treasure Candy duration on the Wild Battle - Monster Expulsion Time page.
Title [Shadow of God], obtained by activating 5 sets of red card combinations, now has a wearing effect.
Optimized display of player names/adventure values in the team interface.
Points Shop - Card Shop / Card Exchange Shop now includes a search function, helping adventurers quickly find desired cards.
Optimized card attribute details on the Card Codex page: Added information about the card's corresponding part.
Optimized the item description of "Furniture Medal," removing the phrase "obtained from Furniture Wish Gacha."
Removed world system announcements when adventurers open a "Phantom King Card Self-Select Card Book."
Optimized female character riding posture on the "Bunny Squad" mount.
Optimized the special effect of the Mark Engraving - Abyssal Power [Demonization] effect. When adventurers trigger the effect "[Magic Value below 15%, Magic Value Consumption -100%]," a demonization effect will appear above their head.
Optimized the range effect of Valkyrie's Spirit statue skills [Cycle of Realms · Starlight/Moonlight/Polar Day], helping adventurers judge the casting range.
V. Holiday Events
1. Hugel Monster Postcard Exchange Event Time: 2025/07/24 05:00:00 ~ 2025/08/04 04:59:59 During the event, participating in MVP kills, consuming commission tickets, and AFK grinding in the wild have a chance to obtain Hugel Monster Postcards. Hugel Monster Postcards can be exchanged for items in the event interface and can also be sent to friends. They will expire if not used!
2. Malangdo Supply Event Time: 2025/07/28 05:00:00 ~ 2025/08/04 04:59:59 Supply ships have arrived at Malangdo! Come and claim your supplies. The longer you are online, the better the supplies!
3. Cat Hand Caravan Double Event Time: 2025/07/28 5:00:00 ~ 2025/08/04 04:59:59 Loading goods at the Cat Hand Caravan yields 2x Reputation!
4. Expel Monsters Grant Dishes Event Time: 2025/07/28 5:00:00 ~ 2025/08/04 04:59:59 Expelling monsters has a chance to drop "Deluxe Love At First Sight Steak" and "Deluxe Love At First Sight Pudding"! There's a daily drop limit!
5. Returnee Recruitment Event Time: After the update on 2025/07/10 ~ 2025/08/25 04:59:59 Recruit returning adventurers! Both recruiters and returning adventurers can earn Recruitment Coins by completing tasks. Recruitment Coins can be exchanged for many rewards in the Recruitment Coin Shop, such as the "Mount - Penguin Ski Board."
VI. Bubble Machine
Event Time: 2025/07/25 05:00:00 ~ 2025/08/08 04:59:59
Adventurers can spin the Bubble Machine for a draw by consuming "Rainbow Shells." During this event, in addition to 100 "Rainbow Shells" priced at 50 Diamonds/each, the marketplace will also add 50 "Rainbow Shells" priced at 40 Diamonds/each. Adventurers also get one free single draw daily without spending Rainbow Shells, and can purchase 10 "Rainbow Shells" for 25 Nyan Berries/each daily. Free attempts refresh daily at 5 AM. Come and try your luck! The ultimate grand prizes for this event are "Bubble Machine Appearance Self-Select Gift Box IV (Giftable)" and "Bubble Machine Mount Self-Select Gift Box IV (Giftable)"! Opening the "Bubble Machine Appearance Self-Select Gift Box IV (Giftable)" allows you to select one of the previous Bubble Machine outfits: Mischievous Cat Outfit, Future City Outfit, Cool Mango Outfit, Ice Fire Oni Mask Outfit. Opening the "Bubble Machine Mount Self-Select Gift Box IV (Giftable)" allows you to select one of the following mounts: Sunny Rainbow Pony, Snowman, UFO, Octopus Drift Bottle, Brocade Carp · Fireworks, Brocade Carp · Phantom Night. Accumulate a certain number of Bubble Machine spins to claim amazing gifts such as: "MVP Card Album Self-Select Collection I," "Red Magic Spirit Self-Select Secret Treasury IV," "Summoning Gem," and "Mythical Heroic Spirit Advancement Stone"! During the event, each draw will grant 1 "Rainbow Starfish." "Rainbow Starfish" can be exchanged in the exchange shop for the Ice Fire Oni Mask Outfit, and mount gift box "Brocade Carp Random Gift Box." They can also be exchanged for many other desired gifts such as "Red Magic Spirit Self-Select Secret Treasury IV" and "Link Stone · Supreme." "Rainbow Starfish" will expire after the event, so adventurers should exchange them promptly.
"MVP Card Album Self-Select Collection I" can be opened to select one of the following cards: Bonny Card, Huklen Card, Splaki Card, Balemond Card, Luxi Card, Seiren Card, Kafra Card, Reindeer Captain Card, Pollux Card, Castor Card, Thanatos Card, Heinrich Card.
Adventurers whose title reaches [Will of the Atrium] can gift "Bubble Machine Appearance Self-Select Gift Box IV (Giftable)" and "Bubble Machine Mount Self-Select Gift Box IV (Giftable)" to other adventurers. Share the joy with your friends!
"Rainbow Shells" will be reclaimed at 25 Diamonds/each after the event ends. "Rainbow Starfish" will be reclaimed at 10 Copper Coins/each after the event ends. Please exchange them promptly!
During the event, many high-value surprise trigger packs will also be available. Adventurers who need them should not miss out!
VII. Marketplace Update
1. Growth Shop Update
Event Time: 2025/08/01 05:00:00 ~ 2025/09/01 04:59:59
The Growth Shop has new items! This time, the purchase limit for "Brave Heart" and "Nightingale's Hour · Red" has been increased, and new items "Rare Enchanted Stone" and "Star Rare Enchanted Stone" have been added. Some items will have super discounts in the Growth Shop, so don't miss the chance to buy them at a great price! Please note, items in the limited-time Growth Shop have purchase limits, and these limits will not reset during the event. Please be sure to seize the opportunity!
2. New Wishing: Fiery Leo Event
Event Time: 2025/08/01 05:00:00 ~ 2025/09/01 04:59:59 
Consume "Gacha Tickets" for a chance to obtain new fashion appearances such as "Fashion - Fiery Leo," "Mouthwear - Lion Emblem," "Backwear - Lionheart Fiery Sun," and "Facewear - Fighter's Medal." Many other exquisite accessories are also waiting for you to collect!
3. Battle Pass Update Event Time:
2025/07/28 5:00:00 ~ 2025/08/29 04:59:59
The new Academy Battle Pass has been updated!
Featuring Free Pass, Special Pass, and Deluxe Pass. Purchasing the Special Pass instantly grants **"Summer Commemorative Coin" 100, "Special Summon Ticket" 10, and "Battle Pass Privilege." The Special Pass Level 90 reward also includes *"Selected Pet Card Album Gift Box IV" 1. Purchasing the Deluxe Pass instantly grants **"Summer Commemorative Coin" *350, "Chaos Card Fragment" 2, "Gacha Ticket" 10, and "Directly Level Up 25 Battle Pass Levels." Purchasing the Deluxe Pass also grants the item "Battle Pass Magic Gift Bag," which can be opened to choose between *730 Nyan Berries or "Star Spirit Fashion Ticket" 100. "Star Spirit Fashion Tickets" can be used in the Battle Pass Exchange Shop to redeem past Battle Pass fashion/accessories or brand-new appearances, and they do not expire. Adventurers who need them should not miss out! This season's Battle Pass Exchange Shop features the following outfits and appearances: Pilot Agent Outfit, Baseball Uniform Outfit, "Mouthwear - Paw Print Spoon," "Mouthwear - Watermelon Spoon."
4. Summer Sale
Sale Time: 2025/07/24 05:00:00 ~ 2025/08/14 04:59:59
Claim Time: 2025/07/24 05:00:00 ~ 2025/08/17 04:59:59 Purchase the Summer Sale Gift Pack and claim generous gifts for 3 consecutive days, including valuable items such as **"Headwear - Blazing Crown," "Summoning Gem" 5, and "Chapter of Moon" 1!
5. Furniture Wish Rerun
This Rerun Theme: Children's Playground Phase II
Event Time: 2025/08/01 05:00:00 ~ 2025/09/01 04:59:59 Participate in this Furniture Wish Gacha event for a chance to obtain high-quality furniture blueprints such as "Playground Carousel Blueprint," "Playground Seesaw Blueprint," "Playground Circus Blueprint," "Playground Popcorn Cart Blueprint," and "Playground Pirate Ship Blueprint." Many other exquisite furniture blueprints are also waiting for you to collect! A guaranteed orange or higher quality furniture blueprint every 60 draws!
6. Cute Meow Meow Festival
Event Time: 2025/08/01 05:00:00 ~ 2025/08/31 04:59:59
Super value self-select gift packs are available at the Cute Meow Meow Festival. Adventurers can customize their bundles according to their needs! Purchasing gift packs earns points, and reaching designated points allows you to claim many development items for free! The Cute Meow Meow Festival refreshes every 5 days, and point rewards will reset simultaneously. Adventurers remember to claim point rewards promptly! The points obtained from purchasing self-select gifts will vary based on the gift pack price. For example: purchasing a $9.99 gift pack grants 10 points, purchasing a $99.99 gift pack grants 100 points. Please note, adventurers!
7. Triggered Gift Packs
2025/07/24 12:00:00 ~ 2025/08/13 11:59:59:
The "Summer Sale Gift Pack" triggered gift pack will be available, containing Heroic Spirit development items such as Summoning Gems, Epic Heroic Spirit Advancement Stones, and Heroic Spirit EXP Books. Triggered gift packs last for 72 hours and cannot be purchased after they expire. Adventurers who need them should not miss out!
VIII. Combat Related Fixes & Adjustments
1. Combat Related Adjustments
Adjusted the skill description of Super Novice skill [Mage Mastery] to match the actual skill effect. The correct effect is: Each point of Poring Energy increases Fire, Wind, Earth, and Water element damage by 7.5%.
Adjusted the description of Genetic's Sigil [Fatal Research] to match the actual skill effect: [Experimental Accident] can deal physical critical damage to targets with [Weak Spot].
Only the skill description was adjusted; the actual skill effect was not changed.
Added description to Super Novice skill [Novice · Eagle Eye]: Does not apply to basic attacks.
Only the skill description was adjusted; the actual skill effect was not changed.
2. Combat Related Fixes
Fixed an issue where the card combination [Desperate Counterattack] effect would only trigger when "magic value is below 50% and magic value changes." After the fix, it will trigger when the adventurer's magic value is below 50%.
Fixed an anomaly where Super Novice skill [Novice · Fire Hunting], when set to auto-cast, would not cast again after the first time.
Fixed the skill description of Super Novice skill [Acolyte Mastery] to match the actual skill effect, removing the incorrect description that [Chaos Barrier] and [Paradise Group Blessing] could block an additional 1 damage.
Fixed an anomaly where Shadow Chaser using MVP skill [Enjoy the Thunderstorm] on a player from behind did not receive the [Ambush] effect.
Fixed an occasional issue where magic value would abnormally drop to zero when deploying the Mark Engraving [Abyssal Power].
Fixed an anomaly where the Matrix Core skill "Autopilot Cart" would not take effect when equipping the Sigil [Fatal Research].
Fixed an abnormal cooldown issue with [Novice · Perseverance]. The correct cooldown should be 5 seconds.
IX. Optimizations and Fixes
Fixed an anomaly where mentioned messages would still show chat box notifications upon re-logging into the game after being read.
Fixed an incorrect countdown display for the [Hugel Welfare Pack], [Hugel Selection Pack], and [Hugel Exclusive Gift] in the marketplace.
Fixed an anomaly where some mount special effects were missing.
Fixed an occasional anomaly where Warlock's remaining skill points would display as a negative number.
Fixed an anomaly where pet rarity text would become English.
Fixed an anomaly where a revive interface would pop up when failing a challenge in the Tower of Valhalla.
Fixed an occasional issue where the page would freeze during continuous Heroic Spirit summons, preventing further summons.
Fixed an anomaly where some mount special effects were missing.
Fixed an anomaly where Heroic Spirit Tier 1 set effects would not activate properly.
Fixed an anomaly where character actions would freeze when using book-type weapons for basic attacks.
Fixed an anomaly where Novice class adventurers could not open the Divine Armament Self-Select Box.
Fixed an anomaly where the current effect was displayed as empty in the recommended gears for some Novice class gears.
Fixed an anomaly where the Assassin class Shield was missing the [Valkyrie] branch.
Fixed an anomaly where the Novice weapon branch was missing the [Curse] branch.
Fixed an anomaly where some items could not be searched in the Points Shop.
Fixed an issue where Adventure Value would abnormally decrease after job changing to Super Novice.
X. Future Content Preview
1. Nightmare Temple S5 is coming soon! A place where time stands still, waiting for adventurers to break the shackles.
2. Brand new Divine Armament unveiled! The power of time is ready for adventurers to wield.
